diff --git a/src/reducers/reducer.init.js b/src/reducers/reducer.init.js
index 5da2a86..24943cf 100644
--- a/src/reducers/reducer.init.js
+++ b/src/reducers/reducer.init.js
@@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ export type initAction = {
   type: "INIT"
 }
 
-export const initState = (changesArgument: number = -1): stateType => {
+export const initState = (changesArgument: number): stateType => {
   const state = {
     epochs: [
       {
         name: 'epoch 1',
         changes: [
           '[+ occlusive - nasal]>[+ occlusive + nasal]/n_.',
-          // 'at>ta/._#',
-          // '[+ sonorant - low rounded high back]>0/._.',
+          'a>ɯ/._#',
+          '[+ sonorant - low rounded high back]>0/._.',
           // 'nn>nun/._.',
           // '[+ nasal][+ obstruent]>[+ nasal obstruent aspirated ]/#_.',
           // '[+ sonorant rounded]>[+ sonorant - rounded]/._#'
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ export const initState = (changesArgument: number = -1): stateType => {
       },
       t: {
         grapheme: 't', features: {
-          occlusive: true, coronal: true, obstruent: true
+          occlusive: true, coronal: true, obstruent: true, nasal: false
         },
         ʰ: {
           grapheme: 'tʰ', features: {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export const initState = (changesArgument: number = -1): stateType => {
       {lexeme: 'ənta', epoch: state.epochs[0]}
   ]
 
-  if(changesArgument > -1) state.epochs[0].changes = state.epochs[0].changes.splice(changesArgument, 1)
+  if(changesArgument > -1) state.epochs[0].changes = state.epochs[0].changes.splice(0, changesArgument)
 
   return state;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/reducers/reducer.results.js b/src/reducers/reducer.results.js
index 344495d..45d9c96 100644
--- a/src/reducers/reducer.results.js
+++ b/src/reducers/reducer.results.js
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ const findFeaturesFromLexeme = (phones: {}, lexeme:string): [] => {
   })
   return featureBundle;
 }
+
 const findFeaturesFromGrapheme = (phones: {}, lexeme:string): [] => {
   let featureBundle = []
   let lastIndex = lexeme.length - 1;
@@ -94,6 +95,8 @@ const mapToPositiveAndNegativeFeatures = phoneme => (
 const mapStringToFeatures = (ruleString, phones) => {
   if (ruleString) {
     if (ruleString === '.') return [];
+    if (ruleString === '#') return ['#']
+    if (ruleString === '0') return [];
     const ruleBrackets = ruleString.match(/\[.*\]/)
     if (ruleBrackets) {
       return ruleString
@@ -129,6 +132,7 @@ const isPhonemeBoundByRule  = phonemeFeatures => (ruleFeature, index) => {
   const phoneme = phonemeFeatures[index].features;
   return Object.entries(ruleFeature).reduce((bool, [feature, value]) => {
     if (!bool) return false;
+    if (!phoneme.hasOwnProperty(feature)) return false;
     if (!phoneme[feature] && !value) return true;
     if (phoneme[feature] !== value) return false;
     return true;
@@ -141,9 +145,8 @@ const isEnvironmentBoundByRule = (phonemeFeatures, ruleFeatures) => {
     ? true : false;
 }
 
-
-
 const swapPhoneme = (phoneme, newFeatures, features) => {
+  if (!newFeatures) return {}
   const newPhonemeFeatures = Object.entries(newFeatures)
     .reduce((newPhoneme, [newFeature, newValue]) => ({ ...newPhoneme, [newFeature]: newValue })
     , {...phoneme.features});
@@ -154,12 +157,30 @@ const swapPhoneme = (phoneme, newFeatures, features) => {
     , newPhonemeCandidates[newPhonemeCandidates.length - 1])[0];
 }
 
+const transformLexemeInitial = (newLexeme, pre, post, position, phoneme, index, lexemeBundle, newFeatures, features) => {
+  if (index !== pre.length - 1) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+  if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule([phoneme], position)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+  if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule(lexemeBundle.slice(index, index + post.length), post)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+  const newPhoneme = swapPhoneme(phoneme, newFeatures[0], features);
+  return [...newLexeme, newPhoneme];
+}
+
+const transformLexemeCoda = (newLexeme, pre, post, position, phoneme, index, lexemeBundle, newFeatures, features) => {
+  if (index + post.length !== lexemeBundle.length) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+  if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule(lexemeBundle.slice(index - pre.length, index), pre)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+  if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule([phoneme], position)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+  const newPhoneme = swapPhoneme(phoneme, newFeatures[0], features);
+  return [...newLexeme, newPhoneme];
+}
+
 export const transformLexeme = (lexemeBundle, rule, features) => {
   const {pre, post, position} = rule.environment;
   const newLexeme = lexemeBundle.reduce((newLexeme, phoneme, index) => {
+    if (pre.find(val => val === '#')) return transformLexemeInitial(newLexeme, pre, post, position, phoneme, index, lexemeBundle, rule.newFeatures, features);
+    if (post.find(val => val === '#')) return transformLexemeCoda(newLexeme, pre, post, position, phoneme, index, lexemeBundle, rule.newFeatures, features);
     if ( index < pre.length || index >= lexemeBundle.length - post.length ) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
     if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule(lexemeBundle.slice(index - pre.length, index), pre)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
-    if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule([phoneme], rule.environment.position)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
+    if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule([phoneme], position)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
     if (!isEnvironmentBoundByRule(lexemeBundle.slice(index, index + post.length), post)) return [...newLexeme, phoneme];
     const newPhoneme = swapPhoneme(phoneme, rule.newFeatures[0], features);
     return [...newLexeme, newPhoneme];
@@ -173,7 +194,7 @@ const transformLexicon = lexiconBundle =>
   ruleBundle => 
   features => 
     lexiconBundle.map(lexemeBundle => ruleBundle.reduce(
-      (lexeme, rule) => transformLexeme(lexeme, rule, features)
+      (lexeme, rule, i) => transformLexeme(lexeme, rule, features)
       , lexemeBundle
     ))
 
diff --git a/src/reducers/reducer.results.test.js b/src/reducers/reducer.results.test.js
index cfdaa6b..cd62116 100644
--- a/src/reducers/reducer.results.test.js
+++ b/src/reducers/reducer.results.test.js
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ describe('Results', () => {
       },
       {
         grapheme: 't',
-        features: { occlusive: true, coronal: true, obstruent: true }
+        features: { occlusive: true, coronal: true, obstruent: true, nasal: false }
       },
       {
         grapheme: 'a',
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe('Results', () => {
 
   it('results returned from first sound change rule', () => {
     const action = {type: 'RUN'};
-    state = initState(0)
+    state = initState(1)
     expect(stateReducer(state, action).results).toEqual([
       {
         pass: 'epoch 1',
@@ -99,18 +99,44 @@ describe('Results', () => {
     ]);
   });
   
-  if('results returned from sound change suite', () => {
+  it('results returned through second sound change rule', () => {
     const action = {type: 'RUN'};
-    state = initState()
-    console.log(stateReducer(state, action).results)
+    state = initState(2)
     expect(stateReducer(state, action).results).toEqual([
       {
         pass: 'epoch 1',
         lexicon: [
-          'anna', 'anat', 'anət', 'anna', 'tan', 'ənna'
+          'annɯ', 'anat', 'anət', 'annɯ', 'tan', 'ənnɯ'
         ]
       }
     ]);
   });
 
-});
\ No newline at end of file
+  it('results returned through third sound change rule', () => {
+    const action = {type: 'RUN'};
+    state = initState(3)
+    expect(stateReducer(state, action).results).toEqual([
+      {
+        pass: 'epoch 1',
+        lexicon: [
+          'annɯ', 'anat', 'ant', 'annɯ', 'tan', 'nnɯ'
+        ]
+      }
+    ]);
+  });
+  
+  // if('results returned from sound change suite', () => {
+  //   const action = {type: 'RUN'};
+  //   state = initState()
+  //   console.log(stateReducer(state, action).results)
+  //   expect(stateReducer(state, action).results).toEqual([
+  //     {
+  //       pass: 'epoch 1',
+  //       lexicon: [
+  //         'anna', 'anta', 'anət', 'anna', 'tan', 'ənna'
+  //       ]
+  //     }
+  //   ]);
+  // });
+
+});